Browse Ideas with tag 'regeneration':

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  DIABETIC NEPHROPATHY »

  Can stem cells repair and reverse DN?

  Normally, metabolic and ischemic insults stimulate repair and regeneration. In diabetes, however, these processes are impaired. Recent advances in cell reprogramming hold great promise for future cell replacement therapies. How are specific populations of stem/progenitor cells affected by diabetes? Are these abnormalities reversible through optimal diabetes treatment or therapies targeted to stem/progenitor cells? ...more »

  Normally, metabolic and ischemic insults stimulate repair and regeneration. In diabetes, however, these processes are impaired. Recent advances in cell reprogramming hold great promise for future cell replacement therapies. How are specific populations of stem/progenitor cells affected by diabetes? Are these abnormalities reversible through optimal diabetes treatment or therapies targeted to stem/progenitor cells? Will new cell reprogramming techniques, such as induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells, lead to individualized cell therapy? A barrier to understanding the impairments includes the known heterogeneity within stem cell compartments, specifically mesenchymal stem cells. Protocols are needed for the culture of progenitor cells and their thorough analysis, including genetic, epigenetic, and transcription factor analysis of individual cells and stem cell populations. Can ex vivo therapies be developed that reverse stem cell dysfunctions? Though iPS cells created with current protocols are unlikely to be transferred to people for treatment, these protocols offer the opportunity to take cells from individuals and direct their differentiation into cell-based models of DN.

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  Submitted by KUH Moderator 1 year ago

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  DIABETIC NEPHROPATHY »

  How does diabetes affect regeneration and repair?

  Tissue injury in diabetes results from cell damage and death, impaired communication among cells, dysfunction of nerves and blood vessels, and detrimental responses to systemic signals, such as inflammation. The development of the clinical manifestations depends on tissue-specific responses to injury and impairments in repair and regenerative processes. The knowledge base of the pathologic process in different tissues ...more »

  Tissue injury in diabetes results from cell damage and death, impaired communication among cells, dysfunction of nerves and blood vessels, and detrimental responses to systemic signals, such as inflammation. The development of the clinical manifestations depends on tissue-specific responses to injury and impairments in repair and regenerative processes. The knowledge base of the pathologic process in different tissues varies considerably, but in all organ systems a better understanding of the mechanisms is needed. How does systemic inflammation from dysregulation of the innate and adaptive immune systems affect the kidney? What are the mechanisms of injury in specialized cells, such as podocytes or tubular epithelial cells? What kidney disease is associated with diabetes from non-diabetes related forms of these diseases? Does diabetes accelerate the same pathologic processes or have unique components? What mechanisms are responsible for the increased mortality in people with diabetes and end-stage renal failure? Will aggressive treatment to normalize the blood sugar prevent this progression? Is there a point in the progression of diabetes complications when the pathologic process becomes relatively independent of the diabetes-related factors that initiate it? Is there a point when the progression becomes irreversible?

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  Submitted by KUH Moderator 1 year ago

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  NORMAL BIOLOGY/DEVELOPMENT »

  In vitro Models for Kidney Disease

  Currently disease analyses studies use 2D cell culture studies. Recent advances have shown that they do not mimic physiological conditions. Developing models using tissue engineering technologies allows better understanding of diseases while reducing time and money invested in animal models. These efforts could ultimately lead to regeneration of kidney.

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  Submitted by Sundararajan Madihally 2 years ago

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  NORMAL BIOLOGY/DEVELOPMENT »

  Development and Regeneration

  Before we can think about stem cells or iPS cell based therapies, we need to understand how renal epithelial cells are programmed. Basic studies in development and differentiation will help to identify factors that could be used for reprogramming. We may find that it is easier to reprogram a renal fibroblast or myofibroblast into an epithelial cell if we introduce the right combination of factors. These ideas are being ...more »

  Before we can think about stem cells or iPS cell based therapies, we need to understand how renal epithelial cells are programmed. Basic studies in development and differentiation will help to identify factors that could be used for reprogramming. We may find that it is easier to reprogram a renal fibroblast or myofibroblast into an epithelial cell if we introduce the right combination of factors. These ideas are being pursued in the pancreas and other tissues. Pushing forward with stem cell based therapies without a basic understanding of development is potentially dangerous. Of course this is a biased view from a basic scientist.

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  Submitted by Greg Dressler 2 years ago

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  TRANSPLANTATION »

  autologous replacement kidneys

  Nakauchi recently described a method for making replacement organs using interspecies chimeras. When combined with the Yamanaka method for making stem cells this opens the door for the production of autologous organs. Many challenges remain. Not just the specific organ, but the vasculature and hematopoietic system might also need to be strictly patient derived. Could genetically engineered pigs work, or would we need ...more »

  Nakauchi recently described a method for making replacement organs using interspecies chimeras. When combined with the Yamanaka method for making stem cells this opens the door for the production of autologous organs. Many challenges remain. Not just the specific organ, but the vasculature and hematopoietic system might also need to be strictly patient derived. Could genetically engineered pigs work, or would we need to go to a more closely related species? Cell. 2010 Sep 3;142(5):787-99.

  Generation of rat pancreas in mouse by interspecific blastocyst injection of pluripotent stem cells.

  Kobayashi T, Yamaguchi T, Hamanaka S, Kato-Itoh M, Yamazaki Y, Ibata M, Sato H, Lee YS, Usui J, Knisely AS, Hirabayashi M, Nakauchi H.

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  1 comment for Idea: autologous replacement kidneys

  Submitted by S. Steven Potter 2 years ago

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